persons al-Ṭūsī, Naṣīr al-Dīn Muḥammad

General Info | TEI

Name al-Ṭūsī, Naṣīr al-Dīn Muḥammad
Alternative Names
  • name in Arabic script: الطوسی، نصیرالدین محمد
  • ID 116
    Gender None
    Notes
    References
    Lifespan 597 AH - 672 AH
    Professions Philosopher, Physician, astronomer, Vizier
    Collection(s)
  • manually created entity
  • Uri(s) https://nomansland.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/entity/116/
    https://d-nb.info/gnd/119356384

    Relations

    Manuscriptpart

    Start End Other relation type Related Manuscriptpart
    Mentioned in Addition 1
    author of content Marginal annotation 1
    Mentioned in Ijazah 1

    Place

    Start End Other relation type Related Place
    born in Ţūs (Khurasan)
    studied in Nayshābūr
    studied in Mosul
    Work in Sartakht
    Work in Alamut
    participated in the conquest of Baghdad
    died in Baghdad
    Work in Marāghah
    participated in the founding of Marāghah

    Label

    Label Start End Label type ISO Code
    الطوسی، نصیرالدین محمد name in Arabic script deu

    Texts

    Texts

    Bionote

    Abū Jaʿfar Naṣīr al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī, also known as al-Muḥaqqiq al-Ṭūsī, or Khwāja Ṭūsī, or Khwāja Naṣīr al-Dīn, was a major Islamic philosopher and affiliate of the Ilkhānids in Iran. Born in 597/1201 in the district of Ṭūs, he first began studying the Islamic sciences under the tutelage of his father. He then moved to nearby Nīshāpur between 610/1213 and 618/1221 to continue his studies, reportedly with the pupils of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 1210). He traveled to Iraq, where he studied jurisprudence with the Shiʿī scholar Muʿīn al-Dīn Sālim b. Badrān al-Māzinī. Later in Mosul, he studied with the reputed mathematician and astronomer, Kamāl al-Dīn Yūnus (d. 639/1242). A twelver Shiite, Ṭūsī found patrons among various Ismāʿīlī rulers. In Sartakht, a province of Qūhistān, he was patronized by the Ismāʿīlī governor Muḥtasham Naṣīr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm b. Abū Manṣūr, to whom he dedicated his work on ethics, the Akhlāq-i Nāṣirī (in dedication to Naṣīr al-Dīn), which was completed in 633/1245. By 644/1246, Ṭūsī had reached Alamut, where he found his residence for at least twenty years. The library at Alamut proved to be crucial for Ṭūsī’s intellectual development as a philosopher and scholar. In 653/1255, Ṭūsī was sent as an intermediary between the Ismāʿīlīs and the Ilkhānids. At the behest of Ṭūsī, the Ismāʿīlī ruler at Alamut submitted to the Ilkhānid ruler Hülegü. By 645/1256, Alamut had fallen to the Mongols. Ṭūsī was then to become a close affiliate of the Ilkhānids, and he accompanied Hülegü on his conquests westward, most importantly the conquest and fall of Baghdad in 656/1258, which was the capital of the Abbasid caliphate. By 1259, Ṭūsī had secured funds from his Ilkhānid patrons to establish an observatory at Marāgha in Iranian Azerbaijan, a major undertaking which would bring together the leading scholars of the age. Ṭūsī reportedly died in Baghdad in 672/1274. As a scholar and philosopher, Ṭūsī subscribed to a form of critical Avicennism. His contributions to Islamic thought were beyond a doubt crucial to later developments in kalām and Islamic philosophy writ large.